They also note that ‘cyberspace and forest space may also be seen as holey spaces rather than smooth spaces in that they provide protective cover for “underground” operations’; a perhaps counterintuitive connection (forests, internet) that put me in mind of, simultaneously, wood elves secreted from the larger dangers of Sauron’s power and Tolkien fans staging guerrilla interventions and reappropriations of the textual universe they love against the surveillant and active central power of Tolkien’s copyright-holders, who are notoriously hostile to what they see as infringement of their property.